Alternative Fuel

ABSTRACT

Biodiesel fuels is one of the most attractive alternative fuels to reduce both emissions and petroleum based fuel consumption resulted from diesel engines. Therefore, the effects of biodiesel fuels on long-term engine operation and deposits in engine are considerably important, when biodiesel was evaluated as the alternative fuel for diesel engines. In this study, a 100 h engine test was performed on a single cylinder diesel engine using diesel fuel and tallow methyl ester as biodiesel fuel in order to compare the effects of the fuels on engine operation and deposits. The purpose of this study is to discuss the concept of tallow based and vegetable based bio-diesel. Bio-diesel consists of the methyl esters of the fatty acid components of the triglycerides that make up most animal fats and vegetable oils. It is produced by trans-esterification, in which the fats/oils are reacted with methanol to form the bio-diesel methyl esters and glycerol, the latter being sold as a by-product.

Table of Contents

Abstract2

Conventional Diesel Fuel4

Alternative Fuel5

Ethanol production7

Ethanol consumption9

Ethanol Costs10

Science That Drove the Technology11

Diesel Alternatives11

Production and Technology12

Difficulties for Bio-Diesel Implementation14

Biodiesel Cost15

Low Temperature Issues15

Engine Warranty16

Cleaning Effect16

Performance17

Conclusion18

References19

Alternative Fuel

Introduction

Conventional Diesel Fuel

Fossil fuels are a cornerstone of human civilization. Fuel heats our homes, runs our cars and lights our buildings. The constant dependence on petrol-based fossil fuels as a chief energy resource has significant connotations for the surroundings, the economic system, and dependence on overseas power resources. Current technological reports have established the relationship between high levels of CO2 (which is created when fossil oil fuels are combusted) in the air and the high level of worldwide average temperatures throughout the past hundred years.

Figure 1: CO2 Emissions from different fuel sources (Source: http://climatetechwiki.org/technology/biodiesel)

Table 1: Percentage Changes in Emissions from various blends of Biodiesel relative to Petro diesel.

(Source: http://climatetechwiki.org/technology/biodiesel)

Alternative Fuel

Alternative energy is derived from sources that are renewable, do not use up natural resources or harm the environment, or can replace fossil fuels such as coal, natural gas, and oil. Alternative energy is generated for electricity and heating from sources such as moving water, the sun, wind, geothermal energy from the earth's heat, biomass from vegetative or waste material, and biogas from anaerobic digestion. Given the looming energy crisis facing much of the world, alternative energy is destined to become an even more important area for science communicators.

Renewable energy sources can restore themselves over short periods of time and do not diminish. Green power, a subset of renewable energy, is clean technology that provides the highest environmental benefit. Green energy sources produce electricity with less impact on the environment than conventional power technologies and produce no anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. Brown energy sources, the non-renewable or polluting energy sources, generally consume water; require mining, drilling, or extraction; or emit greenhouse gases and air pollution during combustion. Categorisation of nuclear energy is debatable because it emits no greenhouse gases yet requires mining, extraction, and long-term radioactive waste storage.

Concerns about skyrocketing oil prices, world energy security, and impacts of greenhouse gases have driven growth in multiple renewable energy ...