Article Comparision and Critique

Article 1 Critique

The author of this article was Wright Gavin. It is about the orgin of American industries from 1840-1940. With the development of American industries was simultaneously designed a series of transformations in the agrarian sector, especially in regard to technology, giving rise to the emergence of machinery, implements, materials and techniques, modernizing the field, besides the integrated production of agricultural and industry (agribusiness) and finally rural businesses which are properties that work like an urban or equal to now, these properties are characterized by technological level and high productivity (Ferreira et.al, pp. 16).

The United States has a high utilization of its agrarian space, because of mechanization and / or modernization of agriculture the country has the largest production in the world, agriculture and livestock occupy almost 50% of the territory, with 26% destined for pastures and 19 % of crops. The Americans divide their agricultural productions in specialized regions (Belt) in certain crops or creations, and Cotton Belt (cotton production), Corn Belt (corn production), Ranching Belt (intensive farming) and Dairy Belt (dairy farming) (Ferreira et.al, pp. 16).

Despite the innovations in the field have improved productivity, eventually causing the rural exodus, the mechanization of field ended with thousands of jobs, then many workers were heading to the cities in search of work, many people were included in the tertiary sector . Another agrarian problem in the USA is the land concentration, large farmers hold their hands in large areas, are called landlords. Despite having been a British colony, the United States were also protagonists of the so-called classical industrialization (Wright et.al, pp. 651). The colonization of New England allowed the appearance of a premature consumer market, which stimulated the development of the first industries in the Northeast, in the late 18th century.

In the last decades of the 19th century, emerged from a centralized spatial structure of a large industrial center and visible: the Manufacturing Belt or Belt Manufacturing (or industrial), the Northeast and Great Lakes (Wright et.al, pp. 651). This area forms currently the largest urban-industrial concentration in the world, having as one of its features the BosWash megalopolis. The Manufacturing Belt has come to focus, by 1900, over 75% of industrial production in the United States. However, in recent years, the intense process of globalization and the consequent increased competition have led many industries to leave the region in search of other areas, which provide lower costs of production: labor, cheaper labor, lower taxes and urban weaker environmental laws.

Thus, new centers are springing up in the South and West of the country, and the oldest centers, these same areas are expanding rapidly, driven by industrial diversification. Due to this factor, the Manufacturing Belt became dubbed the Rust Belt (Rust Belt), because of the immense amount of abandoned warehouses in several cities. Importantly, however, that this process of industrial decentralization does not mean a decline of the economy in the region. In case she is going through a period of structural transformation, ...