Counter Terrorism policies of the UK after the 11th September attacks

By

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

This research became possible only because of support from my research supervisor and my loved ones. Hence, I would like to say thanks for their support.

DECLARATION

This research is my own work and does not represent the ideas of the university. This project belongs to me and only me.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTII

DECLARATIONIII

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION1

Background1

Problem statement2

Research Aim and objectives2

Hypothesis3

Time Frame3

CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW4

Defining Terrorism4

Parliamentary sovereignty6

Attacks in New York6

Counter terrorism policies7

Threat to security8

CHAPTER 2: METHODOLOGY9

Research method9

Research design10

Data collection11

CHAPTER 4: DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION12

Current Practices in Counter-terrorism12

Threats to UK15

UK counter terrorism policy16

Conclusion17

REFERENCES18

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

The research is going to be based on secondary research to understand and critically examine the UK counter terrorism policy. A number of literature will be reviewed to better understand the policies, and their relationship to events after the 9/11 attacks. It is important to keep in mind that the UK is well known for its constitution and laws enforcing freedom and rights, promoting diversity and freewill (Makarychev, A. S., & Orttung, R. W. 2006, Pp. 56). Analyses of the British constitution traditionalists emphasize the central role played by parliamentary sovereignty.

Background

The events of September 11, 2001, are indelibly burned in the collective psyche of the people of the United States and all over the world. For most citizens, that day is one that parallels the “do you know where you were when” sentiment of the Kennedy assassination and the moon landing. Fear, anger, empathy, and sadness are just a few of the emotions felt by many who witnessed those tragic events live on television. And the repercussions of those events continue to reverberate today.

Terrorism has always been a concern of the American public and government and all over the world, but never as pronounced as the days following the events in New York City and Washington, D.C. on September 11, 2001. President Bush signed a $40 billion antiterrorism appropriations bill into law on September 14, 2001, with $5.8 billion designated for homeland security. May, 2002, saw the passage of a sweeping border security bill that increased the capabilities of the Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) as well as changed visa and passport protocols. Potential targets such as airports and government installations increased security and other threats like bioterrorism received additional funding. The government responded to the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon with aggressive legislation resulting in immediate changes in how the United kingdom approached the problem of terrorism both abroad and, as these examples illustrate, domestically.

Problem statement

The Federal Bureau of Investigations (FBI) also revamped their terrorism efforts. The number one priority of the FBI is now terrorism: if there is a terrorist event, all necessary resources will be diverted from other operations to aid counterterrorism efforts. Joint terrorism task forces (JTTF's) have been created, staffed, and utilized in cities and regions around the country with the intention of improving response time and effectiveness as well as improving communications with other law enforcement organizations already on the ground ...