Industrial Revolution in England

The constellation of some ideal conditions for a renewal of the industry gave England the title: "The motherland of the industrial revolution."

As the transformation from an agrarian to an industrial society of the early 18th century began, the manual labor was gradually replaced by machine work. The industrial revolution was characterized by a rapid change in production technology, economy and society. While in England, initially through the process of living and working conditions were worse in the nation, among other things, the gross national product and per capita income, poverty and the mass was eliminated.

Conditions and Causes of industrial revolution

The English Revolution had the effect that specified landlords and rich merchants to set the tone in Parliament about the English population. There was no absolutist thinking, such as France or Spain, because Parliament limited the power of the king. This means that owning citizen had the same rights as the property-owning aristocracy. The Parliament did not form obstructive barriers to the craft market. In the middle of the 17th Century, the main interest of Englishmen was to dominate the long-distance trade. To make this possible, the commercial and military fleet was expanded (Hartwell, pp. 36-42). It came large shipyards and warehouses, which allowed the ship. As a result, the foreign trade developed strongly, gold and silver, spices, tobacco, silk, etc. were imported woolen cloth, iron goods, and other finished products were exported. The big deal was, however, the cotton, which was cheap in India and increasingly from the colonies in South America, imported, processed conveniently and with great profit re-exported.

The production has increased. Some farmers had the opportunity to work in a major operation continues. Most, however, were easy to farm workers and had to live at subsistence level. As on land, the conditions were so bad, people migrated to the cities where they hoped to find better work. At the same time, the population increased dramatically (Moffit, pp. 24-31). The demand for textiles, coal for domestic heating, food, etc. has been increased, it had to be produced faster, and more.

Other conditions were the advanced money economy and the high capital investment. In addition, the Calvinist doctrine mediated thrift and profit thinking, entrepreneurship and competitive behavior. They also helped their innovation in the technical field, the formation of interest and mechanical aptitude. Central was also the idea of ??the English, to make available ...