Islam in Al-Andalusia: Its legacy and spread



Islam in Al-Andalusia: Its legacy and spread

Introduction

Al-Andalusia is said to be a name that is used by the Muslim populated area in the Iberian Peninsula which was under the rule of the Muslims from711 CE till the downfall of kingdom of Granada in the year of 1492. Islam's history in Al-Andalusia is a wonderful Islamic civilization that the world has seen which is known as “Golden Caliphate."

Al-Andalusia is a geographical region that is also known as Islamic Iberia and today it is divided into France, Andorra, Gibraltar, Portugal and Spain. In Spain, Muslims were the ruling community in the time of Ottoman Empire. However, the ruling community was demolished by Roman Catholics. At present, the Muslim community is the second largest religious community in Spain. In this paper we will study the foundation of Caliphate and the beginning era of Caliphate. Furthermore, the paper will discuss the Demolish of Muslim Rule, Practice Islam in Spain at present and at the time f caliphate. Moreover, the paper will discuss the concept of Islamophobia in Spain and Knowledge, Art, Architecture of the country. In the end the paper will discuss the Cultural Fusion and Knowledge Exploration.

Discussion

Founding of Caliphate

The only survivor left when it comes to the Damascus's Umayyad dynasty was Abd al-Rahman who was said to be surrounded by many controversies. Umayyad's were overthrown by the Abbasids and he was exiled with his sibling in the year of 750. Abd al-Rahman was first captured and then brutally tortured but Abd al-Rahman was still strong when it comes to the hardships he had faced considering that he was the sole survivor of the Umayyads (Hareir, 2011). Islam was introduced to Al-Andalusia and it was negligible for nearly forty years. It was in the year of 710 that a raiding party entered the region which was led by Berber officer known as Tariq Ibn Malik. He had said to cross the path which was narrow and eight miles in totality which separated Europe and Africa. In less than a year there was a force of 7000 men who were invading the areas as they crossed and it was led by Tariq ibn Ziyad. They landed in the Gibraltar which is also known as “Jabal Tariq." By the year of 718, regardless of the degree of resistance that was present in the initial times from the Christian rulers of Visigoth along with the king, Roderick along with Iberian Peninsula were areas that were said to be under the control of the Muslims (Gibb et al, n.d).

Beginning of Caliphate

Rise of the caliphate was the first step to become the cultural center of the western Islam as well as the seat for the learning of the Christian Europe. Abd al-Rahman on the other hand was unable to have a consolidation of his rule since two whole decades considering the fact that his claim to rule did not by any means went uncontested neither when it comes to Cordoba nor ...