Space Travel to Mars

Table of Contents

Introduction3

Discussion4

Planning of individual nations and organizations4

Europe4

United States4

Russia5

India6

Goals for a future mission6

The space motion sickness7

Physiology8

Psychology9

Weakening of the bones9

Muscle atrophy10

Action on the cardiovascular system11

Decrease in the number of red blood cells12

Weakened immune system12

Risks13

Mission Scenarios14

Action on the respiratory system15

Artificial gravity: the final solution to all your problems?15

Danger from Radiation16

Cosmic rays and solar flares17

Means of protection19

Human Factors: Freud on Mars20

Almost complete autonomy23

Conclusion23

Space Travel to Mars

Introduction

Space exploration efforts of the man appointed to study the space and stars from the standpoint of science and its exploitation economy. These efforts may involve both humans traveling in space ships and satellites resources telemetry or probes drones sent to other planets (orbiting or landing on the surface of these objects). The science of space flight and the technology associated with them is called astronautics.

The manned flight to Mars is a stated long-term goal of the U.S. space agency NASA and the European Space Agency ESA. The first plans for a manned flight to Mars came in before and during the Apollo program of the United States. After the moon landing in 1969 and the end of the Apollo program, the aim was not pursued further. A human mission to Mars poses many problems. We cannot in fact provide in the present state of our knowledge, the effects on a human body on a flight also extended the flight to Mars. The average one-way ticket to Mars takes between 6-9 months. Man has not spent more than 14 months in space, the record being held by cosmonaut Valeri Poliakof aboard the Mir space station. While this indicates that man must accept, without too much damage a trip to Mars, but it gives us no indication that it may suffer and to experience once on the surface of Mars. What do we know the end of a prolonged flight in zero gravity, working conditions at the surface of Mars and the astronauts' ability to support a return to gravity after spending several years in space?

This paper would focus on the study of the harmful effects that the astronauts travelling to mars can have from the trip. The paper would present different aspects in this relation, which would mainly focus on the negative impacts for the astronauts. After studying all these consequences, the decision of whether to make such trip or not can be taken.

Discussion

Planning of individual nations and organizations

In the past, individual nations or organizations have always given intent on planning and implementation of a manned Mars mission. For the United States has declared such a distant goal. The plans of the Russians and the Europeans aim to present a collaboration of nations in the matter. China has so far announced no such projects and, with his plans so far refers only to the moon, seen in the U.S., although some space experts already in a race with the emerging space-faring nation China.

Europe

The European Space Agency ESA began in 2001, the Aurora -on program, whose aims include the planning of a manned lunar and Mars ...