AVIATION INDUSTRY

Aviation Industry

Singapore and Sydney are examples of cities that have benefited greatly from the privatization and deregulation deregulation of the airline industry. Since the 1970s, many formerly state-owned carriers, such as Singapore Airlines and Australia's Qantas, have been at least partially privatized, and governments have loosened regulations that once limited the number of airlines on particular routes, the capacity they offered, and the airfares and air cargo rates they levied. Geographers have analyzed the consequences of these changes across the world. In the United States, deregulation in 1978 led to the elaboration of hub-and-spoke systems with many “spoke” cities feeding traffic into and ...