COMPUTER SCIENCE

Computer Science

Computer Science

Week9

Origin

It can be said that the calculating machines were derived from ABACUS, which was able to perform addition and subtraction. Another of the important events in the evolution of computers happened in the seventeenth century, when French scientist Blaise Pascal invented a calculating machine. This only served to make additions and subtractions, but this device was the basis for the German Leibnitz, in the eighteenth century, developed a machine that, in addition to operations of addition, and subtraction operations could make the product and quotient. Afterwards, the English mathematician Babbage developed a machine which was called the “Analytical Engine", which was able to perform any mathematical operation.

History

Computer science is the study of the theoretical foundations of information and computation and their application in computer systems. There are several fields or disciplines in the Computer Science, some emphasize the computation of results (such as computer graphics), while others (like the theory of computational complexity) are related to properties of algorithms used to perform computations. Others meanwhile are focused on problems that require the implementation of computations (Stokes and Jon, 2007). For example, studies of the theory of programming languages describe a computation, while computer programming applies to programming languages to develop a solution specific to a particular computer problem. The information refers to the automated processing of information in a useful and timely. It should be noted that the theoretical nature of this science should not be confused with practical issues such as the Internet. During the 1940's, as they develop new and more powerful computing machines, the term computer was first used to refer to machines as a substitute of human predecessors. As it became clear that computers could be used for more things than just mathematical calculations, the field of computer science was extended to study the computing (IT) in general (Ifrah and Georges, 2001). The computer science then began to establish itself as an academic discipline in the 1960's, with the creation of the first departments of computer science and first degree' programs.

The binary system in mathematics and computer science is a numbering system in which numbers are represented by using only zero and one (0 and 1). It is used in computers because they work internally with two levels of voltage, so the natural number system is binary (on 1, off 0). RAM stands for random access memory, a computer memory which can be ...