DETERMINATION OF THE ANTIBACTERIAL EFFECT OF VARIOUS CONCENTRATIONS OF NSAIDS ON THE NORMAL FLORA

Antibacterial effect of concentrations of NSAID's on the flora



Antibacterial effect of concentrations of NSAID's on the flora

Antibacterial effect of various concentrations of NSAIDs on the normal flora (Avery, 1999).

Non-steroidal anti inflammatory drugs are extensively used for reducing the muscoskeletal pain, but the side effect of the non-steroidal anti inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is that it can severely harm the gastrointestinal tract causing indigestion and producing gastric ulcers. There are varieties of over 50 non-steroidal drugs, which can be grouped into diverse groups, depending on their chemical structure (Avery, 1999).

Antibiotics

Antibiotics are an important class of anti-microbial used to kill or slow the growth of bacteria. They are specific in nature and their mode of action and therefore do not have any effect against viruses, fungi, or parasites. Fortunately, they are harmless for the host and can be used effectively to manage and treat bacterial infections. Since their accidental discovery in 1929, antibiotics have played a large role in reducing morbidity and mortality of bacterial infections around the world.

Antibiotics are considered one of the few successful developments of a “magic bullet” capable of effectively treating a patient with minimal harm to the individual. Although the future effectiveness of antibiotics is in question because of the development of antibiotic resistant bacteria, antibiotics will always be among the most dramatic achievements of modern medicine. Many infectious diseases once considered incurable can now be treated with several pills.

Chemical nature of antibiotics

Penicilloic acid was isolated in 1913 by Alsberg and Black, the Department of Agriculture United States. It is produced by Penicillium and other fungi puberulum. Has a molecular weight of 170.16 and its formula is C8H1004. Potassium penicillin (S) has the formula C14H18CIKN2O4S with molecular weight of 417. There are many penicilloic acid derivatives that differ in side chain groups and their biological activity. There penidilinasas that antagonize the antibacterial action of penicillin and are used to treat allergic reactions caused by penicillin (Avery, 2002).

Streptomycin, isolated in 1944 by Waksman and his collaborators, is produced by the soil actinomycete Streptomycin griseous. Hydrochloride molecular weight is 581.58 and the formula C21H39N7O2 HGI. The structure, found in 1947 by Brink and Folkers, is: (Avery, 2002).

Streptomycin is soluble in water and almost insoluble in alcohol, chloroform and ether (Baran, 2002). Chlortetracycline (Aureomycin) was isolated from a substrate of Streptomyces aureofaciens by Duggar in 1948. The hydrochloride has the formula C22H23CIN2O8 HC1 and its molecular weight is 515.36. It is widely used in medicine to combat infections caused by gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. It is slightly soluble in water (0.5 to 0.6 mg / ml). In amount of 10 to 30 mg / kg of feed chlortetracycline is a growth stimulant (Baran, 2002). Ox tetracycline (Terramycin) was isolated from Streptomyces rimosus product in 1950. Is similar in formula to the chlortetracycline; its molecular weight is 496.46 and the formula C22H24N2O9.2H20. The biological activity of Terramycin 'is very similar to that of ...