HUMAN FACTORS EVALUATION ON THE MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM

A human factors evaluation on the musculoskeletal system from posture and vibration on operators of construction equipment

Abstract

A conceptual framework provides the possibility to identify the evaluation of human factors determining the effects of whole-body vibration (WBV) on the spine and the internal stress-strain relationships. Epidemiological studies were critically evaluated with esteem to their implication for the derivation of quantitative exposure-effect relationships. The approach of drawing from such relationships from a evaluation with self-generated accelerations throughout every day activities was considered as unsuited. Trunk muscle activity and control with evidently equal accelerations of body parts throughout selfgenerated and compelled shifts disagree widely. Simple biodynamic models coupled with experimental in vivo and in vitro data allowed a initial deduction of quantitative relationships between whole-body vibration (WBV) and spinal wellbeing with the concern of human evaluation on the musculoskeletal system factors and exposure conditions. Examples of anatomy-based verified models and their submission are provided. Such models are considered as a very promising instrument. They can be utilised to consider quantitatively preventive assesses and design. Future study desires anxiety the written check of (1) the nonlinearity of biodynamics, (2) the effects of whole-body vibration in x- and y-axes, (3) the communicate parameters between the seat and man, (4) and the implication of postures and muscle activity on operators of construction equipment.

Table of Contents

Chapter 1: Introduction4

Chapter 2: Literature Review6

Chapter 3: Research Methodology10

Research Design10

Literature Search10

Chapter 4: Results and Limitations of Research13

Results13

Limitations of Research14

Chapter 5: Conclusions and Future Research Needs15

Reference17

Appendix18

Chapter 1: Introduction

The relationship between long-term whole-body vibration (WBV) exposure and spinal health has been found to vary considerably. Several factors were supposed to cause this variability that was echoed by restoring the former Exposure Limit by the health guidance caution zone. The WBV-exposure is characterised as the vibration assessed at the interfaces between the machine and the operator of building equipment. The spinal health risk arises from a mechanical impairment of anatomical organisations due to forces portraying on these organisations (internal load). The internal forces do not count solely on the WBV-exposure9. Therefore, the evaluation of the spinal health risk of WBV-exposed employees should not be constrained to a clear-cut relationship between WBV-exposure and effect that underlies, for demonstration, the simplistic derivation of a repaired long-run dose needed as prerequisite for the acceptance of degenerative disorders of the spine as an occupational disease (Sandover J, 2001).

A clear conceptual framework (Fig. 1) can assist to clarify the factors evaluation on the musculoskeletal system from posture and vibration on operators of construction equipment and assisting to the internal stress-strain relationship throughout WBV-exposure. The WBV-exposure itself depends on some factors. Even under laboratory conditions, an equal vibration at the base of the identical seat develops distinct WBV-exposures for distinct subjects due to the between-subject variability of the repercussion of the subjects on suspended seats. The WBV-exposure causes an acceleration of the human body with associated dynamic forces portraying on the spine. The important effects of posture and backrest communicate on the transmissibility of WBV to ...