Leadership and Employee Motivation at Workplace

by

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to sincerely thank my friends, family and colleagues for the endless understanding, guidance and patience, and most importantly, the support and friendship during my studies. The mentorship of these people has been paramount in facilitating me a well-formed experience which has always provided unswerving guide in achieving my goals. They encouraged me to go further with all my projects and helped me groom into an independent thinker.

It is due to the humble efforts of my leaders and mentors that I have inculcated in me the confidence to develop my own individuality and sufficiency which enables me to perform the tasks with independence. In the course of completing this dissertation, I am also grateful to my co-workers and friends who provided me enough knowledge and entertainment and proved to be helpful in performing the huge research work. Besides this, the consistent guidance and assistance from my colleagues also gave me distinctive opportunities to gain a wider breadth of experience and undertake an extensive research work.

Finally, and most importantly, I extend sincere thanks to my family members, who provided utmost care and all the strength and encouragement. My faith and ambition has become stronger due to the prayers of my family who tolerated my temper and complains with patience. Without this unending support and encouragement, the completion of this enormous research work would not have been possible.

DECLARATION

I, [type your full first names and surname here], declare that the contents of this dissertation/thesis represent my own unaided work, and that the dissertation/thesis has not previously been submitted for academic examination towards any qualification. Furthermore, it represents my own opinions and not necessarily those of the University.

Signed __________________ Date _________________

ABSTRACT

In this study we try to explore the concept of leadership and employee motivation in a holistic context. The main focus of the research is on leadership and its relation with employee motivation. The research also analyses many aspects of leadership and tries to gauge its effect on employee motivation at the workplace. Finally the research describes various factors which are responsible for employee motivation at workplace and tries to describe the overall effect of leadership on employee motivation at workplace. Secondary methodology is used to conduct this study. Data was collected on the basis of relevance and recency.

Table of Contents

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTII

DECLARATIONIII

ABSTRACTIV

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION1

Introduction1

Aim and Objectives2

Significance of the Study3

Research Questions4

CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW5

Introduction to Leadership5

Definitions and Concepts of Leadership5

Transactional and Transformational Leadership8

Transactional Leadership8

Contingent Reward8

Management-by-exception9

Transformational leaders9

Charisma10

Individualised consideration11

Intellectual Stimulation11

Motivation at Workplace12

Motivation Theories13

Leader Effectiveness18

Subordinate Motivation19

Content Theories19

Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory19

McGreKor's theory X and theory Y21

Process Theories22

Equity Theory22

Expectancy theory24

CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY25

Research Design25

Qualitative Research26

Literature Search27

Search Technique28

Inclusion and exclusion criteria28

Additional Online searches29

Search terms - key terms29

CHAPTER 4: DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS30

Leadership and Motivation30

Leadership Characteristics30

Extrinsic and Intrinsic Motivation32

Morale and Motivation34

Effect of Attitude on Motivation34

Motivating the Employees35

Current Findings on Employee Motivation37

Motivational Challenges38

Changing needs of employees39

Age Diversity40

Gender diversity42

Ethnic and Cultural Diversity43

Economic Climate43

Personal issues44

CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION46

REFERENCES48

Chapter 1: Introduction

Introduction

Developing an appreciation and understanding for the relationship leadership has to employee motivation is important as Judge and Piccolo (2004) ...