Sepsis

Sepsis

Introduction

Sepsis is a severe systemic infection that affects the entire body. The term comes from Greek and means something like fermentation or putrefaction. Often used interchangeably, the term blood poisoning is used. Then the much-quoted red stripes, the direction should take heart, as expected. This description is not correct. However, Sepsis is established mainly in critically ill patients, who have weak immune system, and elderly (Wilson, et. Al 2007).

However, Sepsis is called the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) caused by an infection (not necessarily serious) The body's response develops in response to pathogens but not due to the presence of microorganisms in yes, but to the action of the immune system by releasing substances that trigger proinflammatory SIRS. Sepsis infection that presents with the understanding is the infection and the presence of pathogens in any tissue or fluid sample from the body and not necessarily or exclusively in the blood. Therefore, there may be with or without bacteremia sepsis (Wilson, et. Al 2007).

Discussion

Historically, the problem gets identified with sepsis, or blood infection. Currently, the diagnosis of sepsis is not necessary to determine the presence of microorganisms in the blood, although in most cases comes to the spread of microorganisms from a source of infection is through the bloodstream. The most common cause of sepsis is pneumonia and urinary tract infections, but in susceptible individuals can call it any other infection. From the bacteriological point of view, the cause of sepsis can be any organism, are relatively rare parasites, viruses and atypical bacteria (eg tuberculosis bacillus). The bacteria most often associated with forms of severe sepsis infection are meningitis.

Sepsis, accompanied by failure of at least two organs or systems (MOF, MODS) is called severe sepsis. At times it comes to the development of heart failure not responsive to standard treatment with talk of septic shock. However, the above mentioned phenomenon is not a blood poisoning, but an inflammation of the lymphatic system, which is called in medical jargon lymphangitis. This disease is rare and it is caused by bacteria, mainly streptococci and staphylococci; lymphangitis may well be treated with antibiotics (Pronovost, Marsteller, & Goeschel, 2011).

In the U.S. new cases of sepsis are estimated to be 750,000 annually, with an impact is likely to increase by 1, 5% per year for an aging population. Also in the U.S. about 1% -2% of all hospitalizations and up to 25% of available beds in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), representing the tenth most common cause of death, according to 2000 data from the Centers for Control and Disease Prevention. However, it is because of its highly aggressive nature and multi-factorial, sepsis leads rapidly to death and is the leading cause of death in non-coronary intensive care units worldwide, with rates of lethality ranging from 20% for sepsis to 40 % for severe sepsis, over 60% for septic shock: cumulatively, in the world die from sepsis approximately 1400 people per day.

The clinical picture of sepsis depends on the stage of the ...