TRANSNATIONAL CRIME

Transnational crime

Transnational Crime in the Developing world

Introduction

Organized crime has a long history, as the first Chinese triads were known to start organized crime at the end of the 17th century to the Italian Mafia which emerged in the 20th century. However, the establishment of international networks of criminal organizations is more recent and their influence is largely correlated with the development of globalization. Transnational crime is also know to benefit from some failed states and maintains, according to the Council of Europe, close links with international terrorism.

States have organized to respond to this new form of crime. Thus, the first international convention in Europe was held in 1925. Since then, the legal arsenal of the international community has steadily increased to the point of making the fight against transnational in scope of international cooperation essential (Albanese, 2005).

Transnational crime is by nature secretive and there are many forms of it, the precise definition of the concept is not easy. The U N Convention against the Organized Transnational Crime dating 12 December 2000, known as the Palermo Convention or UNTOC defines the phenomenon as, a structured group of three or more persons who exist for a period of time and act in concert with the aim of committing one or more serious crimes to obtain, indirectly or directly, a financial or other advantage equipment.

There is no single model of transnational crime organizations that can be considered common, and are often very different from each other (mafia, triads, drug cartels, etc.). At most, we can prioritize their activities in various categories (Cullen, 2010).

Criminal activities "classic" drug trafficking, prostitution, counterfeiting;

Latest criminal activity: organ trafficking, cybercrime, trade in hazardous waste;

Operation illegal capital tax evasion, corruption, embezzlement;

Financing of terrorism.

The United Nations Office against Drugs and Crime (UNODC) estimated in 2002 that the turnover of transnational crime in year 2000 was approximately 2-5% of global GDP.

Discussion

Transnational Crime

Transnational crime is a term used in international law for a kind of international crime , where the crime is committed in more than one country, committed in one country but is planned in another, committed in a country of members of a group that also operates in another country or committed in one country but substantially affect another country (Evanset al, 1985).

The name is derived from the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime of 2001. But transnational crime referred generally rough such perpetrated by a structured group for financial gain. In particular, transnational organized crime has been focused by the UN, a crime that international law is different from the terrorist who, instead of financial gain committed for political reasons. Some countries have interpreted the UN Declaration slightly different: Netherlands interprets transnational crime itself that seriously affects society. Sometimes narrowed the definition in another and transnational organized crime refers to the addition to the above meaning, although the overall impact of the crime affects society's safety and security (Albanese, 2005).

The transnational organized crime consists of various types of crime:

?Smuggling of drugs from Asia, which constitutes the largest ...