AIRWAY MANAGEMENT

Air Way Management

Air Way Management

Introduction

The management of the airway is a vital process in the resuscitation of patients with trauma and has priority over any other condition, so it must be recognized early on any type of partial or total obstruction, as well as the inability to ventilate. Should be paid particular attention during the initial evaluation of patients with multiple traumas to ensure that the approach to the airway is appropriate and individualized as appropriate, the failure to identify the need for ultimate control of the airway is a critical error and often committed by people who are easily distracted inexperienced libel most obvious and dramatic. Success in achieving secure an airway in the trauma requires a thorough knowledge of anatomy, and understanding to the physiology of injury and adequate training.

It is important, within all initial considerations, keep in mind that the cervical spine Lime can be traumatized and efforts to establish an airway can compromise spinal cord. Therefore, initially always be protected by the cervical spine immobilizer mobilization manual or necklace, to rule out any injury from it. "The trauma patient is in principle always a difficult airway and a target is to guarantee and maintain an airway and protected as to assure oxygenation, ventilation and prevent aspiration” (Eggen, Jorden, 1993, pp. 381-5).

Discussion

Airway Obstruction

Within the objective signs of airway obstruction is the agitation and obnubilation caused by cerebral hypoxia and hypercapnia, central or peripheral cyanosis, retractions intercostals accessory muscle use or abnormal breathing sounds (McLuckie, 2009, pp.499-508). A patient snoring or strider may have a partial obstruction of the pharynx or larynx. The dysphonia is a sign of functional laryngeal obstruction. You can feel the air movement in the respiratory effort; determine if the trachea is midline shift and asymmetry of one or both hemi-thorax.

Ventilation

A patent airway does not benefit the patient unless there is adequate ventilation as well- Caudal. Ventilation can be altered by obstruction of the airway, by altering the mechanical ventilatory and CNS depression. Blunt trauma to the chest, fractured ribs and sternum lead to rapid breathing shallow pain, so it is important analgesia. A brain injury can also cause an abnormal breathing pattern leading to hypoxia. In patients with spinal injuries cervical cord may be diaphragmatic breathing is not enough for the demand increased oxygen and may require mechanical ventilation.

Evaluation of the Airway

The evaluation of the airway includes examination of the temporo-mandibular joint, the mandible bull, lips and oral cavity, tongue, teeth and the cervical spine (Krausz, El-Naaj, Barak, 2009, pp. 21). The nose, the septum and naso-pharynx should be included if naso-tracheal intubation is considered an alternative technique. Temporo-mandibular Joint participates in the movements involved in opening the mouth and must allow at least a maximum aperture of 50 to 60 mm for a suitable approach. Mandibular hypoplasia is often associated with difficult intubation. In an adult to the distance from the hyoid bone to the chin is about 6 cm. If less than 4 cm jaw is considered ...