HIV/AIDS

HIV/AIDS



HIV/ AIDS

Background

HIV is the deadly disease and many people die due to it every year. The background of AIDS has become the debate we commonly believed that HIV is just twenty-five years old, but there are some evidences that verify the existence of AIDS is from long time ago. There was a person in Africa in the year 1959 who died from unknown sickness it seemed mysterious to everyone. After examining the sickness, it resulted in the discovery of HIV. After that it found in gay couples of New York and California. This happened in the year 1981, when some people believed that this virus affected to gay couples. In the year 1983, the researchers came to know that this disease could affect to anyone (Pilcher, Eron, 2004, p. 189-198).

Introduction

The acquired immune-deficiency syndrome (AIDS) causes by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). HIV could transmit by the exchange of bodily fluids through sexual activity, blood and plasma transfusions, and injection drug use (IDU) and unsterile syringes, and mother-to-child transmission (MTCT). HIV/AIDS cannot be cured, but antiretroviral therapies (ARTs) can help prevent opportunistic infections that occur as a result of HIV's attack on the body's immune system. ARTs also helps prevent MTCT and significantly delay the onset of fatal complications related to AIDS.

Today, women of reproductive age (15-49 years) are increasingly bearing the brunt of HIV/AIDS. In areas such as sub-Saharan Africa, women account for 60 percent of all cases. HIV/AIDS is often the result of war, where systematic rape sometimes used as a tool of control. For example, during the Rwandan genocide (1994), Interahame militia raped hundreds of thousands of Tutsi women and girls, resulting in HIV infection and unwanted pregnancies.

Additionally, children in many parts of the world remain highly vulnerable due to difficult access to MTCT prevention therapies. The high vulnerability of women and children to HIV/AIDS raises many issues around the topic of mothering, including motherhood choices and mothering experiences of HIV-positive women and their placement in deviancy discourses. The latter refers to practices and preferences that diverge from the perceived ideal or norm dictated by society (Bell, Devarajan, Gersbach, 2004, p. 96-133). Other relevant issues are the intensive care giving required for persons living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA), be it the mother or her child, and the shifting of the mothering role to persons other than the birth mother when HIV/AIDS debilitates or claims the mother. This complex, multifaceted relationship between HIV/AIDS and mothering also raises many policy-related concerns that considered in the preceding section.

Reason for choosing HIV

One of most deadly disease in this world is HIV. HIV has become one of major concern for people and doctors. Hence due to its deadly consequences researcher forced to find out curing strategies for it. A phenomenon in which the immune system of the person deteriorated day by day is called HIV (Schacker, Smith, 1996, 125-130). This disease is caused by a virus called retrovirus. This disease has been a major concern for doctors, and many drugs have been innovated ...